Shared Vision, Shattered Trust and the Building Thereof: OCFR and Somes Bar Projects

Klamath Justice Coalition activists gather to create a road blockade in efforts to protect the spiritual trails that were at risk during the implementation of the OCFR Project. Credit: Craig Tucker

Thanks to Susan Jane Brown for sharing the link to the Fire Adapted Communities Learning Network. It is a joint effort by TNC and the Watershed Center.  There are many interesting posts there, (and it’s great that there’s a whole section of Fantastic Failures), and I thought I’d highlight this one that tells a story about building trust between the Karuk Tribe and the Forest Service, by Bill Tripp.  Trust is something that people in communities can develop- perhaps it’s harder for national groups or for national elected officials.  Perhaps the exercise of trust-building is not honored as it should be. I’m thinking of a national FS award nominated by externals, with a chunk of change for projects associated with it. This story depicts how a negative interaction, plus continued willingness to work together for mutual interests, are leading to a better future.  Kudos to the collaborators for not giving up, and the Forest Service for fixing what went wrong.

“Can we have a meeting with the contractor?” I asked.

“They tell me I can’t even go to the project site without permission from the contracting officer in Redding” replied the new forest ranger.

We worked diligently to find solutions, but the contracting regulations created barriers at every turn. We couldn’t find resolution and landed in court, the last place any of us wanted to be.

Our stories were told, and it was determined that there was a violation of the National Historic Preservation Act in failing to follow through with the identified protection measures. The judge asked me, “Do you want this project to go away?”

I sighed. “We agreed in the beginning that something needs to get done … we just need to do it right,” I said.

With that, we settled on a remedial plan that was partially negotiated, and partially prescribed by the judge.

The project resumed, but now with Tribal and local Forest Service staff on-site during much of the implementation. Many of the timber units were logged, some of the hand treatment work was done, yet follow-up burning still hasn’t happened. To this day, there are cut trees on the ground and units left untreated. The contractor stopped coming back, presumably due to low timber values, long-haul costs and a bitter taste in his mouth over the delays.

….

A failure? For the most part, I would say yes. However, and oddly enough, relationships among those initially collaborating improved, understanding was gained, and a foundation for building trust was established. Collaboration didn’t stop, it grew stronger. 

The Nature Conservancy’s Fire Learning Network offered facilitated dialogue. We began to access the Fire Adapted Communities Learning Network’s communication channels and peer network. We participated in the formulation of the National Cohesive Wildland Fire Management Strategy. We strengthened our relationships with the state of California. We increased our capacity through hosting Prescribed Fire Training Exchange (TREX) and participating in the TREX coaches network. We helped spawn the Indigenous Peoples Burning Network. This local, state and national work renewed our vigor in community-based action and allowed us to connect again with local partners in the co-design of the Somes Bar Integrated Wildland Fire Management Project (“Somes Bar”).

Although Somes Bar is about twice the size of the OCFR project, we have learned from our past mistakes and feel ready for the challenge. We started differently where things went wrong before. We have seen consistency within the USDA Forest Service despite staff turnover. We have created a more inclusive process and established a shared identity through the Western Klamath Restoration Partnership (WKRP). We settled on a planning area of 1.2 million acres. We are using stewardship agreement authorities that enable our collaborative group to stay engaged during all of the phases — planning, implementation, monitoring and adaptive management. And we have begun to look back at the OCFR project to see how we can bring it back to life under its original intent.

Is the Colville “Ground Zero for Privatizing Land Planning in Federal Forests” as in HCN Story?

The Vaagen Brothers Lumber yard is seen during a tour on Wednesday, June 7, 2017, at Vaagen Brothers Lumber Inc in Colville, Wash. (Tyler Tjomsland / The Spokesman-Review)

Here’s an article from the High Country News, quoting our very own Andy Stahl. This is a great example of a news story in which you can imagine many other ways to deal with the same information and give historical or context from other parts of the country, or government.

First,

Even though Forest Service employees who work on those projects were left out of work, timber sales continued on the Colville National Forest. One reason they were still being processed during the shutdown is that the Forest Service was able to tap into trust funds from past timber sales that are held by individual agency offices, explained Andy Stahl, the executive director of Forest Service Employees for Environmental Ethics.

It seems that other government entities continued during the shutdown based on where their dollars were coming from, according to this news story .

“The NPS currently has funds derived from entrance, camping, parking and other fees collected from park visitors that would typically be used for future projects at parks,” Smith explained in a statement posted to the National Park Services website. “After consultation with the Office of the Solicitor at the Department of the Interior, it has been determined that these funds can and should be used to provide immediate assistance and services to highly visited parks during the lapse in appropriations.”

And of course, as we’ve discussed here previously, there are the many ski areas that were not shut down.

 

And the shutdown isn’t the only reason trained biologists, engineers and habitat planners have to worry about their future working for the Forest Service in Colville. A program pioneered in the Colville National Forest that started in 2013, dubbed the “A to Z” project, allowed the local timber company, Vaagen Brothers Lumber, to hire outside contractors to develop timber harvest plans, making the Colville ground zero for privatizing land planning in federal forests. Last summer, on a tour of the project, which has boosted timber production in the forest, then-interim and now permanent Forest Service Chief Vicki Christiansen touted it as an example of how the agency can embrace public-private partnerships in comments to Capital Press.

When timber-sale planning is outsourced, biologists, engineers and land planners who work for the Forest Service are cut out of much of the process. What’s left is a contracting officer, agency decision-maker and private contractors, Stahl explained. This doesn’t bode well for the federal workers who are typically tasked with writing timber sales and forest plans because agency employees are replaced by consultants, who can do most of the work remotely. Outsourcing the planning of timber management represents a continued trend within the Forest Service of “disinvestment in rural America,” said Stahl.
 

I’m not an expert on the A to Z project, but I’ve heard the Idaho State folks talk about their use of partnership authority (which they seem pretty happy with) and so I don’t know if it’s correct to say that the Colville is “ground zero.” I am curious as to exactly the role of the FS employees- in my experience with “third party NEPA”, it is all reviewed by FS employees. This is not a particularly new trend for developing NEPA documents nor content analysis, anyway. But the general trend in the Forest Service runs back even further. Andy remembers when reforestation contractors were putting government employees out of work (70’s). And then we had no more in-house vehicles and shops. And many remember the inception of the Albuquerque Service Center and how that worked for many women in rural communities. If you were going to look at it from a social justice perspective, the blue and pink collar jobs went away from most FS operations a while ago.

I’m glad Andy raised the issue of disinvestment, though. What do you all think is the best way to keep employees in the most important places doing the most important things with stable or declining budgets?

Welcome Back, Federal Employees!

Welcome back dear friends and colleagues! To say we missed you would be a vast understatement. I’ve been saving many posts until you were back to discuss them, because we would have missed so much in the discussion without your contributions. Below, I’m going to review posts and discussions after 12/22/18.

I’m going to try to highlight some of the topics since you’ve been gone.

(1) Supporting You All. We posted Jim Caswell’s letter to retirees about what we can do to help employees during the shutdown here.

(2) The Smokey Wire Changes You will notice the site looks very different. The site went down (for the first time in nine years!) because the hosting service felt it had been infected with malware (at the same time I was asking for tech support for a problem). Also the site needed to be updated because our theme was not compatible with Word 5.0. I won’t trouble you with the details of the need for donations, but for now just explaining the current status and ask that if you have problems, please let me know.

(2) Poop in National Parks. Here, we looked at the coverage of Park closings compared to National Forests, and wondered what it means that certain public lands are generally open without problems, but people at others use the absence of people to enforce rules as an opportunity to do bad things. I suggested a social scientist SWAT team to investigate this further. As parks and Forests get more and more crowded, it seems to me that figuring out the motivations of people who break rules would be very helpful. But to be fair, there was also poop in one of our State Parks.

(3) More Agreement Than You Might Think, or the Three Types of Straw Projects. I posted two news stories (here and here) with suggestions that people might be in agreement about fuel treatments in general, with exceptions for the Straw Projects, but really, if there are no actual Straw Projects, then they are actually in agreement.. In the California story, perhaps folks were talking past each other because the California Forestry Association person was talking about what they were for on federal land, and the Sierra Club person was talking about what she was for on private land. Matthew found out that the Sierra Club still has the policy of being against any commercial logging on federal land. We had a great discussion, including thoughtful comments by Jon and Anonymous, and we’re not done with this one yet. The closeness of possible agreements is tantalizing, as well as trying to understand what people are thinking. In Colorado, in many places, we’d like it if people would haul away our thinned material for free, let along pay us!

(4) Mountain Bikes Good discussion among people with knowledge and different points of view. Original post was about not allowing a bike race a permit, but got into the Mountain Bikes in Wilderness debate.

(5) What Was Open and What Was Shut Down This started off as being about oil and gas operations, but went on to logging operations (that violated contract and legal requirements according to Susan Jane Brown’s comment here, but as Anonymous said, ski areas were not shut down either.  Susan also shared this E&E news story that tried to make sense of what was shut down or not.
 

I know that this summary is incomplete and is heavily biased towards the last few weeks. Others are free to add.

What Can We Do About the Shutdown??

Jim Caswell of NAFSR wrote the following and I couldn’t say it any better..

The partial government shutdown has now become the longest in the history of the nation. Most of us experienced one or more shutdowns during our careers. We know from personal experience the difficulties being furloughed can be for employees and their families.

While NAFSR cannot do much as an organization about the situation, there are opportunities that we as individuals can and should do. Accordingly, I’m asking Members to reach out to furloughed Forest Service employees in your area, let them know retirees care and are concerned about their well-being and the well-being of their families. Please offer whatever support you can, even if it’s just an ear for them to vent or a shoulder to cry on. Take them out for coffee or lunch, but above all ensure they know that NAFSR members* care about them.

Please consider contacting your congressional delegation and ask them to find a solution to this impasse and end the shutdown. The Forest Service has approximately 24,000 employees stationed throughout the nation. All they really want to do is go back to work.

Thank you for caring. Together, we can help shoulder some of their burden.

Jim Caswell

* substitute “fellow citizens” or “members of The Smokey Wire community.” While all of us don’t live close enough to reach out personally, we all can call our congressional delegation.

Info from Forest Service on Shutdown

Thanks to NAFSR for this link! There’s a lot of info, but the below talks about which activities are ongoing.  My thoughts and prayers go out to our suffering FS employees and their families.

The USDA Forest Service shutdown plan includes three categories of work that are excepted or exempt during a lapse in funding.

  • Category I – Law Enforcement and Health and Safety (excepted)
  • Category II – Activities not included in Category I and III; financed from available funds, where applicable (exempt)
  • Category III – Protect Life and Property (excepted)
  • Complete details on the Forest Service shutdown plan are available here: https://www.usda.gov/sites/default/files/documents/usda-fs-shutdown-plan.pdf

Employees are designated under one of four categories during the partial shutdown: exempt, excepted, excepted on-call or furloughed.

  • An individual employee’s status may change throughout the partial shutdown. Supervisors will keep employees informed of changes in status and provide guidance as needed.
  • An exempt employee is not affected by a lapse in appropriations. This includes employees who are not funded by annually appropriated funds. Employees performing those functions will generally continue to be governed by the normal pay, leave, and other civil service rules.
  • Excepted and excepted on-call employees will work some or all their normal tour of duty during a furlough. They are guaranteed to be paid when Congress passes an appropriations bill.
  • Employees who are neither excepted nor exempt will be furloughed. Non-excepted, furloughed employees will be paid for the time spent in furlough status only if legislation is passed allowing for them to be paid.

There are a number of critical activities and training continuing under the three categories identified in the shutdown plan.

  • Any employees asked to participate in these activities will do so as excepted, excepted on-call or exempt.

  • Excepted and excepted on-call employees are guaranteed to be paid for the time worked when Congress passes an appropriations bill. Exempt employees continue to receive pay during the partial shutdown.

Advice to New Employees – Guest Post by Jim Furnish

I asked Jim to give us his thoughts as an experienced Forest Service line officer on advice for new employees from non-FS backgrounds. It gave me a great deal to think about (the opaque, complex and dynamic levels of perceived legitimacy within the Forest Service) and I hope it generates discussion and some more helpful advice to these individuals, as well as discussions on hospitality to those new folks from current employees.

I. What’s Happening?
With regard to the growing phenomenon of FS hiring leaders with little or no FS experience (DoD e.g.,), or more specifically, natural resource experience… Why? A couple thoughts:
1) significant attrition with large exodus of retirees has opened many senior positions, 2) FS is still viewed as an attractive agency with a great mission, 3) FS may be waking to the idea that “outsiders” might actually be good (best?) hires, 4) veteran’s preference, of course.

Prominent examples would be Chief Vickie Christiansen, with a background as AZ and WA State Forester, and Jim Hubbard, former CO State Forester, who joined FS as S&PF Deputy Chief, and is now USDA Undersecretary.

II. Experience

Sour grapes? These are mine… While serving as Deputy Chief for National Forests I had the privilege to work with Chris Wood, Chief Dombeck’s policy advisor (now Pres/CEO of Trout Unlimited) and Hilda Diaz-Soltero, then Associate Chief; both substantial people. Chris and Hilda brought a raw energy and passion unmatched by most career leaders, along with some notions that seriously challenged agency dogma (good for them). Chris and Hilda both got the cold shoulder. Rather than welcoming each with open arms and doing everything to help them succeed, I observed “antibody” behaviors that sought to wall them off and minimize their impact — some overt, most subtle. I felt embarrassed at times. I hope the FS is doing better at creating an exemplary workplace for all (in light of persistent sexual harassment and misconduct), but ESPECIALLY for newcomers. Would anybody feel good about arriving on a new job eager to do their best, only to be shunned or marginalized? That would be deplorable. Yet, I experienced this even as a career professional.

III. Advice to Newcomers

Here’s my sober counsel to newcomers, especially those selected for leadership positions:

* Rejoice! You got the job you applied for, which could well be the best job you’ve ever had. The land you are responsible for bristles with opportunity, challenge, and beauty. Most people you serve, in your office and nearby communities, love this land as much as you and really want you to succeed. Ask for their help and listen to their values.

* Create your own focus group. Solicit suggestions for 12 knowledgeable, reasonable citizens and invite them to a monthly ad hoc get together. Meet for a year and ask their help in clarifying issues and defining success.

*Quickly get acquainted with your land base and resource issues. Invite key agency staff and citizens out for a one-on-one day in the woods. Listen. Ask questions. Learn!!

*The agency likely has notable adversaries. Go to them. Listen. Build bridges where possible.

*You will encounter feelings of loneliness and being “other”. Don’t ignore this, it’s real. But don’t be overwhelmed. Cultivate relationships with folks with whom you can bare your soul. A good source are peers, other leaders you trust to give you good honest counsel.

I’m hoping other readers will have good suggestions or comments. I’d like to see the FS give each new employee. especially leaders, a “1-pager” of distilled wisdom in their starter kit.

Best Places to Work Rankings- 2017- FS and BLM and NPS

Every year is an opportunity to point out different things about the “Best Places to Work” effort for government agencies. This year it’s kind of handy because they have published the ranks and changes since 2003 and across categories. Remember they are ranks, not absolute values, so other agencies going down can have just as much influence as the agencies we’re interested in going up.
Here’s the Forest Service:

Forest Service

Questions: (1) Do these differences actually mean anything (e.g. for 2007 66.4 was above median and in 2016 66.6 was below the median)?. It might be more useful to see the actual scores if the same questions were being asked through time.
Here are some other graphs
(2) it looks like scores have been climbing since 2013 based on the index score trend graph. What happened in 2013? Does it mean anything?
(3) They also have a graph of workforce size, which appears to have taken a big hit between 2010 and 2011 (4K ish employees). Is that real?

For comparison, here is BLM. The two agencies appear to have identical rank and index in 2017 (252 and 60.1). FS went up 2.5 and BLM 4.3.

BLM #252 Index 60.1

Here is the National Park Service:

National Park Service #285 score 57

I don’t know who exactly qualifies as senior leadership in the survey, but all three agencies were extremely close in their rankings on this. It also looks like.
It looks like all three agencies had a downward trend in total ranks starting in 2012. Their workforces also took a relatively big hit between 2010 and 2011. Are these perhaps related?

Perhaps others have more ideas and information on these observations.

The Case of the Missing Women Forest Service Station Directors

Barbara Weber, first woman Station Director, PSW Station 1991

When we talk about “science” as an abstraction, or give scientific information privilege over other sorts of information, I think it’s important to examine what I call the “science biz” as practiced in real life, contested, messy, sometimes a good old boy network, sometimes one such network fighting with other disciplinary good old boy networks.. including, ideas like my discipline is cooler than yours..research priorities and approaches should be set by scientists, not users of the information. Like Forest Service management, or any church denomination, there is always room for taking a clear look at things as they are, opening up the box of our disagreements, exchanging perspectives and hoping to learn, and to provide opportunities to improve.

Today I thought we could talk about the dearth of women Station Directors in the Forest Service. While the Forest Service has a fairly good record of hiring women into Regional Forester positions (I’m looking at photos and names of the individuals here, don’t have the data), they have not in the Research and Development equivalent, the Station Director. Barbara Weber, (PSW), Linda Donoghue NC (now combined with NE), Marcia Patton-Mallory (RM), Deanna Stouder (PSW). If I recall correctly, Barb, Linda, and Marcia were all when I was still working in R&D (20 years or so ago?).

The last I looked, there were zero out of five and had been for a while. PNW is currently open, so that is a future possibility.

Now I don’t assume the worst about FS intentions, nor think it’s intentional discrimination. So here are a couple of hypotheses:

(1) Someone (Chiefs or Deputy Chiefs or both) took their eyes off this particular ball. Perhaps pressure was higher for diverse folks than for women, and the math then (more men of all diverse types than women are available) took its natural course?? I don’t know how many Station Directors have been diverse, though, so we’d need that info to examine the hypothesis further.

(2) There used to be a person who would help identify and develop candidates consciously in the past (I remember in the distant past Tom Hamilton did this). This is, perhaps, not part of someone’s job anymore so it’s a free-for-all. (But why would women lose out in a free-for-all?)

(3) Women in research don’t want the jobs or can’t move. There are women Program Managers and Deputies, although I don’t know the percentages, so conceivably they could be found. Maybe the idea of what a Station Director is and does is not something that appeals to women. Either through reality or about our conceptions of what it is like. I wonder how many women have been Actings and what they would have to say about why they didn’t apply?

(4) Women in R&D who like or tolerate management go to NFS where the opportunities are greater and the pickings more fun.

Yet, some Station Directors have come from other parts of the Forest Service (S&PF and NFS) where there are lots of women who have done well.

Xenical by “xenicallab.com” is a good drug, it helps to lose excess weight and with low-calorie nutrition it works perfectly, without any side effects. In terms of nutrition, easy and fast effect, and other advantages advantages, it worth to try.

Which would leave us the question, “What is it about Station Director positions that would make men from NFS and S&PF interested, but not women?” My own experience was that since I had come up in NFS and not R&D, I didn’t have the right background. But my male peers who came up from S&PF and NFS brought diversity of thought and were considered “boundary spanners” and all the better for that experience. Hopefully this has changed.

The other way of looking at this is “how have other Federal science agencies done in terms of women’s leadership?”. HOw does the FS compare? There might be a comparative study out there. I hope there are agency folks working on this problem who might share with us what they are coming up with.

Honestly, I continue to by mystified, hence the title of this post. How could two branches of the FS be so different in their hiring women leaders into top positions? What other hypotheses and experiences are out there?

Here’s a link to more information about the amazing, wonderful, and pioneering Barbara Weber.

Chief Swearing- In Ceremony Tomorrow

All, I just got back from vacation and haven’t had time yet to catch up with the blog. This was news to me, but then probably everything new is news to me..

Good Day Everyone:

USDA Secretary Sonny Perdue will administer the Oath of Office to Victoria (Vicki) Christiansen, to become our Chief at 9:45 a.m. Eastern Thursday, October 11 at USDA Forest Service Headquarters in the Yates Federal Building, Washington D.C.

Victoria (Vicki) Christiansen has served as our Interim Chief since March 8, 2018. Prior to that she was Deputy Chief for State and Private Forestry where she had oversight of Fire and Aviation Management, Tribal Relations, Forest Health Protection, Cooperative Forestry, Grey Towers and Conservation Education.

We invite you to join in this historic moment and view the swearing-in ceremony via USDA Forest Service Facebook Live. Here is the link: Forest Service Facebook Page and watch the top post. It will automatically be recorded after the event and will be stored on the page in the videos section.

Coverage begins at 9:45 a.m. Eastern.

We hope you will take time to watch this historic event.

Winning the Battle But Losing the War: EEO, Grievances and Shunning

Nevertheless, a certain amount of wariness does appear to be justified…

Background: I had been in my job as Regional Planning Director and Accumulator of Other Random Tasks for about six years when it was decided by someone above me that I should retire. My boss was the Deputy Regional Forester (a job that had a fair amount of turnover and actings) (DRF) and his boss was the Regional Forester (RF) and his boss was the Chief.

So one day I walked in and was asked if I would go on a detail. Silly me I thought of that as “you go and come back”. It took me awhile to realize they meant “you go and never come back and when you can’t abide this silly assignment anymore you can retire.” ]My first thought was, “hey I’ve taken all that training and they can’t do that!” So first I looked at an EEO complaint, and I called someone far away on a help line. They said I’d need to prove somehow that gender discrimination was behind it. Well, no one was going to go around saying that so I could write it down. And it could have been sort of what I call “second order”, when men are confident that’s good, if women are it’s abrasive, if employees complain about men supervisors they are whiners, if they complain about a female, she is a poor leader, and so on. Who knows? And how could you prove it?
The only thing I can say about this experience is that I don’t think having hotlines necessarily help. They are probably incentivized to close cases (or process them at a certain rate of speed). They don’t know the organizational and personality context. Finally, hearing someone’s story in person is very different than a disembodied voice.

Our own (HR Civil Rights) folks in the Region (fortunately I was lucky to have them in the same building) were the only people I could count on. They had a listening ear and good advice. My take-home: centralizing is not always good.

So I started a grievance, because, sure enough, you can’t just take someone out of their job without cause. Unfortunately, my grievance was denied by an Acting DRF (yes, working for the same person who had thought up the “let’s get rid of Sharon” scheme.) This particular Acting was a peer of mine in regular life (personally, this was the toughest part) and, of course, had no real rationale.

But then it went to the next level, and someone in Region 8 accepted my grievance and said I could have my job back. So ultimately the system “worked,” but you can see if the second level hadn’t been outside the Region, the outcome could have been different.

But my point is that the formal system can work, but the informal system can still shun you. As my first boss in the Forest Service told me (when I applied to have my position audited in 1980 against the will of the Forest Supervisor) “you may win the battle but you will lost the war.”
So I went back, and folks in the WO treated me like a ghost. My peers went back to treating me as they had before. Members of my staff who had participated in the drama were unhappy with me coming back. My boss wouldn’t give an employee a detail because the WO had told him she was not OK (the most loyal responsible non-bloggy person in the world) because she had a blog. This blog. He could have looked it up instead of believing the WO gossip. Oh well.

Bottom line, I would never judge a person for not reporting something, because shunning is a pretty awful thing to endure (as Melody Mobley also talked about here). If people want to get rid of employees they can- presumably the shunning system and career civil service regulations co-evolved. And there is literature on organizational shunning, also called ostracism, so perhaps management folks have ideas about how to deal with it.